Ramanachalam Chanda1 , Sai Krishna Mekala 2 , Adinarayana Yesupogu3
BACKGROUND In this study we wanted to evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation, management and outcome of multinodular goiter. We also wanted to correlate pre-operative diagnosis made from FNAC and USG neck with post-operative histopathological diagnosis. METHODS This is a prospective study conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Government General Hospital, Guntur, during the period from January 2019 to December 2019. A total of 110 patients clinically diagnosed as multinodular goiter who got admitted to the General Surgery ward were included in this study. All the patients were clinically evaluated, subjected to relevant investigations, and were managed accordingly which included both operative and medical management. Patients were followed up for a period of three months. RESULTS Out of 110 patients studied, female to male ratio was 21:1, predominant age group was 31-40 years. 67.27% of the patients were in euthyroid state. The ratio of nonneoplastic to neoplastic pathology was 4.5:1. Papillary carcinoma was the most common malignant condition in multinodular goiter accounting for 73.9% of malignancies. Total thyroidectomy was the surgery undertaken. A minority of the patients were managed medically. Mortality rate was zero. Hypocalcemia was the most common post-operative complication. CONCLUSIONS In our clinical study of 110 cases of multinodular goiter there was remarkable female preponderance, especially in the middle-aged group. Majority of them were clinically euthyroid (67.27%). Majority of nodular goiters were benign (81.81%). About 18.18% were malignant in nature out of which papillary carcinoma thyroid was the most common. Total thyroidectomy was the surgery undertaken except for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis which was managed medically. Hypocalcemia continues to be the most common post-operative complication.
