Dr. Abdul Rahman Hasan, Email : abdulmd123@yahoo.com
Dr. Abdul Rahman Hasan, Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Lord Buddha Koshi Medical College and Hospital, Saharsa, Bihar. E-mail: abdulmd123@yahoo.com DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2018/455 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia due to defects in insulin secretion, peripheral insulin action or both which leads to alteration in the fat, proteins and carbohydrate metabolism of the individuals. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs and its complications are mostly caused by macro vascular and micro vascular damages. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of chronic hyperglycaemia on lung functions, which focused on mechanical aspects of lung dysfunction, maximal forced spirometric pulmonary function tests like FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC to be specific. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is a cross sectional study conducted among 90 people with type 2 diabetes and 90 people with no diabetes without having risk factors that affect the lung functions. RESULTS In our study correlation between HbA1c and Pulmonary function is statistically significant (p value is <0.001). Most of the patients with elevated levels of HbA1c had the abnormality in the pulmonary function tests mainly the restrictive pattern of the lung disease. The patients with diabetes have 13% normal, 79% with restrictive lung disease and 8% with obstructive lung disease of pulmonary function tests. In non-diabetics 79% having normal, 11% having restrictive pattern and 10 % having the obstructive pattern of lung disease. In our study both FEV1 and FVC are reduced in diabetics, in which FVC has reduced more than FEV 1 so that FEV1/FVC has increased, and the ‘p’ value is significant in all the parameters according to independent sample t test. CONCLUSION Diabetes mellitus had a significant impact on pulmonary function tests, irrespective of smoking habits in subjects. Diabetes mellitus predominantly causes restrictive changes in the lung function tests. Chronic uncontrolled diabetes is one of the leading causes of lung complications. So, an intensive management will decrease the rate of death by an improved ventilator function.
