Prafulla Kumar Bariha1, Purna Chandra Karua2, Manoj Kumar Mohapatra3
BACKGROUND
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major health problems in both
developed and developing countries and is a major cause of premature death
among adults in developed countries while its incidence is on an increase in
developing countries as well. The purpose of this study was to describe the
clinical profile, risk factors and outcome associated with CAD.
METHODS
This is a prospective observational study done among 60 patients in the
Department of Medicine, VIMSAR, Burla for a period of one year from 1st January
2019 to 31st December 2019. Written informed consent from the patients and
clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee were obtained before the start
of the study.
RESULTS
Maximum number of cases (40 %) was in the age group of 41 – 50 years. Male:
female ratio was 7 : 3. The commonest clinical symptom was chest pain (81.25
%) followed by sweating (38.33 %) and dyspnoea (23.33 %). Commonest risk
factors found in this study was dyslipidaemia (70 %) followed by hypertension
(63.33 %). Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes noted were ST segment elevation
in 38.33 % of the cases, Q wave in 35 % of cases, echocardiography finding of
decrease EF in 38.33 % and regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) noted in
40 % of the cases. The common complications were left ventricular (LV) failure
in 52 % of the cases followed by arrhythmia in 43 %. Embolism and cardiogenic
shock were noted in 23 % and 16 % of the patients respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
CAD is more common in 4th decade of life and is more common in male. Patients
commonly present with chest pain, sweating and with a history of hypertension.
LV failure, arrhythmias, re-infarction, and cardiogenic shock can be seen post
CAD syndrome.
