Paresh Sodhiya, Zafar Sheikh, Mukesh Sharma, Narendra Kurmi
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury is a major public health problem in India resulting in deaths, injuries and disabilities of young and productive people of our society. With increasing pace of growth, urbanization, motorization, India is going to witness an alarming epidemic of trauma victims in near future. Growing incidence of trauma in MP is a national concern at present. It was observed that approx. 50% of total head injury cases fell in the category of moderate or severe head injury. The objectives of this study were- 1. to prospectively evaluate the patients of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury, admitted in Department of Surgery, Maharaja Yashwantrao Hospital, Indore, during the one-year study period (March 2015- March 2016). 2. analysis of pattern of injuries, their cause and contributing factors like alcohol and outcome in terms of hospital stay and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study was conducted at Maharaja Yashwant Rao Hospital, Indore during the period of one year from March 2015 till March 2016. All consecutive patients of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (GCS <12/15) admitted at Department of Surgery, Maharaja Yashwantrao Hospital, Indore were enrolled for this study. RESULTS A total of 490 cases were enrolled as per the inclusion criteria, of which 242 patients had a GCS Score of 9/15 (moderate head injury), and 248 patients with GCS score of less than 8/15 (severe head injury). The average male: female ratio was 3.9:1. Road traffic accident was the single most important cause in all age groups. More than 20% patients had other significant injuries of which lower limb fractures was the most common. Less than 32% patients required neurosurgical intervention on emergency basis. CONCLUSION The study witnessed a rising no of cases with moderate & severe head injury cases with GCS <13/15. No seasonal variations were seen. Road accident is major cause in all ages with male preponderance of more than three times. Most affected age is 21-50 years. Alcohol consumption is seen in >31% cases. Despite optimum management, a mortality of more than 27% was observed.
