Vijayalakshmi P1, B. Chandrashekar2, Venugopal S3, Veeresh S. M4
AIM OF THE STUDY: To study the incidence, age and sex related demographics in children with Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) and to find the aetiology in atypical cases of NS by renal biopsy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a single centre, descriptive, prospective and observational cross sectional study. All patients who were admitted in the department of paediatrics with Nephrotic syndrome during the study period of 2 years from July 2010 to June 2012 were included. The demographics and renal biopsy results were analysed further.
RESULTS: Total number of cases of NS was 44 against total Paediatric admissions of 4827. Incidence of NS was 0.91% (44/4827) among all paediatric admissions. Male to female ratio was 2.14:1. Majority of NS cases were 3-5 years old (36.36%, n=44), followed by 5-7 years (29.55%, n=44), 7-9 years (18.18%, n=44) and 1-3 years (15.91%, n=44). Total number of renal biopsies done was 18, out of which 14 (77.78%, n=18) had minimal change disease (MCNS) and 3 (16.67%, n=18) had Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and 1 (5.55%, n=18) had anti Glomerular Basement Membrane disease.
CONCLUSION: The incidence of Nephrotic syndrome in children was 0.91% (44/4827) among total paediatric admissions, had male preponderance with ratio of males to females of 2.14:1, most commonly affecting children of 3 -5 years of age and the most common aetiology being Minimal Change Disease (MCD).
