Rajyalakshmi M1, Rukmini Ramya2
BACKGROUND
Health problems in tribal population are direct outcome of poverty, government policies that have adversely affected local livelihoods, high land alienations amongst tribals, threatened traditional agricultural practices, absence of forest rights and growing indebtedness. One study conducted by Yogesh Jain et al on tribes of central India indicated that in addition to infectious disease there is trend towards non-communicable diseases also.
The aim of the study is to study the renal disease in relation to hypertension among tribal population of east Godavari District who is attending the OPD of General Medicine Department with pedal oedema.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present study was designed to study the renal profile in tribal population of east Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, who are attending the General Medicine OPD having pedal oedema. This study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, A.P., from April 2013 to September 2017. During the period of study, a total of 94 patients were enrolled for the study based on exclusion and inclusion criteria. Patients were divided into two groups, one group having stage 1 hypertension and second with stage 2 hypertension. Various parameters were measured like age, sex, BMI, SBP, DBP, serum urea, serum creatinine, eGFR FBS, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TG and ultrasonography was done for all patients.
RESULTS
Mean of serum urea in stage I hypertensive patient were 42.60 mg/dL, and stage II hypertensive patient, it was 70.20 mg/dL with p value 0.011796. Serum creatinine mean value was 2.09 in stage I hypertensive patient and 3.61 in stage II hypertensive patients. GFR was calculated and its mean value in stage I hypertensive patient was 96.48 mL/min./1.73 m2 and in stage II hypertensive patient, it was 76.98 mL/min./1.73 m2 with p value 0.0326, which was significant statically.
CONCLUSION
There is a linear increase in blood urea with increase in blood pressure. This supports our study. We have found that there is statistically significant difference in serum urea level in both group and mean of serum urea was higher in stage II hypertensive group. There was significant difference in mean serum creatinine between two groups of patients, but it was higher in stage II hypertensive patient than stage I. It indicates that as the severity of disease increases, the renal damage also increases. In present study, we have studied the relation between hypertension with renal disease. We have found that hypertensive patients were have increased BMI and dyslipidaemia. We have observed that as the stage of hypertension increased, the renal function were also deteriorated and was evident from ultrasonographic finding.
