Chandrashekar K, Ishwar S. Hasabi, Mahabaleshwar Mamdapur, Chetan K. Ganteppanavar, Gurusangappa S. Mudagall
BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease has become an epidemic since 20th century. Deaths due to the same are increasing of around 17.5 million deaths in year 2012. The deaths are increasing more in developing countries and metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disorders, which are promoting the development of coronary artery diseases. The disorders include central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Increasing prevalence, changing lifestyle and progression of the disease without obvious symptoms had led to increasing morbidity and mortality. The non-infectious epidemic of the century is posing great challenges to healthcare and research in development of more infrastructure and funds to prevent and treat the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 patients diagnosed with CAD and posted for Coronary Angiogram (CAG) in ICCU at KIMS Hospital, Hubballi, were studied over a period of one and a half year. Cases were categorised according to ATPIII and new IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome and compared. Clinical evaluation, ECG, lipid profile and 2D-echo was done. Statistical analysis done using unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney tests, Chi-square test and Kappa statistics. RESULTS Of the total 100, 57 had metabolic syndrome by either ATP criteria or IDF criteria. Kappa=0.859 (p-value <0.001) indicating there was a statistical significant agreement between two criteria and women were more at risk for metabolic syndrome. FBS (63%) was the most prevalent independent component of metabolic syndrome followed by hypertension (57%). All the components in metabolic syndrome were more common in patients with metabolic syndrome group than patients without metabolic syndrome group and were highly significant. High BP was the most common component of metabolic syndrome followed by TGs >150 mg/dL and DM or FBS >100 mg/dL (p value <0.001). The mean values of SBP (144.0 vs. 120.8), DBP (85.6 vs. 73.8) and waist circumference (95.4 vs. 87.7) was statistically significant (p value <0.01) between patients with metabolic syndrome and without metabolic syndrome with IDF criteria (p value <0.001). It was observed LAD (28.1%) was the most common vessel involved individually. There was no much significance related to metabolic syndrome. Incidence of CAD was more common in patients with metabolic syndrome than other group. CONCLUSION The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in patients with CAD. Both metabolic syndrome definitions identify subset of patients who are at high risk for CAD and are cost effective, easily practicable tools.
