Anjana Christy Alexander1, Pragna Palagani2, Mohan Raj Kuppusamy
BACKGROUND
Orbital trauma is significantly disabling and is reported to occur in multiple situations. All traumas to the face require a careful ocular examination including an estimation of the visual acuity of each eye. However, other potentially blinding complications can easily be missed unless they are actively sought.
The aim of the study is to study the prevalence and types of ocular involvement in orbital wall fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study is a prospective, hospital-based study of patients with orbital injuries and other associated facial bone fractures reporting to casualty and Department of Ophthalmology in Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital over a period of two years. The study included 50 consecutive patients of orbital fractures attending our hospital. The statistical significance was analysed using chi-square test.
RESULTS
Out of the 50 cases, the majority of the participants were males comprising 88% (n-44) and the remaining 12% (n-6) were females. 80% of the males met with road traffic accidents and 68% of them were in the age group of 20 to 40 years. Among the females, 67% met with road traffic accidents and 33% had injury due to slip and fall. The orbital wall fractures were distributed as 52% in the single wall, 28% in two walls and 20% in more than two walls categories. The periocular findings in orbital wall fractures was distributed as 25 with Subconjunctival Haemorrhage (SCH), 16 with periorbital oedema and SCH, 14 with ecchymosis, 14 with pupil abnormality (mydriasis and RAPD), 1 with corneal perforation and 6 with lid laceration. 58% of the participants who had visual acuity between 6/6 to 6/6p had single wall fracture. Those who had visual acuity less than 6/12 had more than two walls fracture. There was extraocular movement restriction in 6 patients, which comprises 12%.
CONCLUSION
78% of the orbital wall fractures were due to road traffic accidents. 68% of the persons involved were males in the age group of 20 to 40 years. Those who had vision less than 6/12 had more than two wall fractures. 38 out of 50 (76%) patients with orbital wall fractures had injuries to the eye.
