Chitra Munusamy Rajendran 1 , Malarvizhi Raman 2 , Sahana Ajjampur
BACKGROUND Pituitary adenoma is a benign tumour that originates from the adenohypophyseal cells of the anterior lobe of pituitary gland. It accounts for 12% to 15% of all intracranial tumours. A spectrum of ocular manifestations are seen with these tumours ranging from the absence of any visual symptoms to severe visual field defects and loss of vision. The aim of the study is to study the various ocular features and its effect on vision, visual fields and ocular motility in cases of pituitary adenoma diagnosed on CT or MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective study for a period of 1 year and 8 months conducted in Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Madras Medical College. 25 patients aged between 25 to 65 years diagnosed as pituitary adenomas on radiological imaging who presented to squint clinic were evaluated after detailed history with visual acuity, pupillary reaction, colour vision, extraocular movements, slit lamp and fundus examination. Visual field examination was done with Octopus field analyser. RESULTS In our study, 25 patients of pituitary adenoma diagnosed on radio imaging were enrolled and evaluated. Most patients were above 50 years, 15 patients of the 25 were above 50 yrs. (60%). Females were predominantly affected (76%). Visual acquity of the patient was between 6/12-6/6 (62%) on presentation. Headache was the commonest mode of presentation (80%). 76% showed field defects of which bitemporal hemianopia was the commonest in 52.9%. Pituitary macroadenoma 96% was the commonest type. Optic atrophy was seen only in 4 cases. Others had normal fundus. CONCLUSION Neuro-ophthalmic evaluation plays a major role not only in early detection, planning of treatment and further follow up, but also prevents visual loss if intervened early
