Surendra Nath Behera Pankaj Kumar Khora, Debasis Pathi3, Sonapuram Keerthi, Sushant Kande, Shubhransu Patro
BACKGROUND Diabetes, particularly Type 2 greatly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. Other conditions like high blood pressure, family history, obesity, alcohol, smoking & tobacco consumption contribute to the risk for developing cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 608 subjects in Medicine Department of KIMS, Bhubaneswar. Coronary artery disease (CAD) was diagnosed based on a combination of previous medical history, clinical findings and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes. Details of diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and obesity/alcohol/tobacco/education status/occupation data were also documented. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and associated cardiovascular risk factors among diabetics in an urban population attending a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Odisha. RESULTS The prevalence of different components of metabolic syndromes in diabetic and non-diabetic was as follows: (a). Dyslipidaemia (in diabetics 85.6% vs. in non-diabetics 78.3%), (b). Hypertension (in diabetics 73.3% vs. in non-diabetics 34.2%), (c). Obesity (≥90 cm in females/≥ 100 cm in males) (in diabetics 18.7% vs in non-diabetics 8.9%), (d). Raised fasting blood sugar (FBS) (in diabetic group 94.1% vs. in non-diabetic group 7.11%), (e). Raised systolic blood pressure (SBP) (in diabetic group 62.2% vs. in non-diabetic group 58.8%) and (f). Raised diastolic blood pressure(DBP) (in diabetics group 56.8% vs. in non-diabetics 44.2%). CONCLUSION This study has shown an increased prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (49.5%), and through logistic regression analysis, has delineated the key risk factors driving morbidity. Most of the individual risk factors were more prevalent in women, compared to men; women were more likely to have Metabolic Syndrome. The most prevalent component was hypertension, followed by central obesity, low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia. Low educational status and obesity also have greater predictive effects on Metabolic Syndrome in type 2 diabetics.
