K. Ghanachandra Singh 1 , Kh. Lokeshwar Singh
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Stroke is a common cause of chronic debilitating disease as a result of the vascular related effect of certain part of the brain. Also the mortality due to the nature of stroke either Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH) or Cerebral Infarction (Ischaemic stroke) vary, the earlier causing more fatality. The risk factors of the ICH or the Ischaemic stroke vary to certain degree. Glycaemic state of stroke patients affects the outcome of them. It is of importance to establish clinical correlation of the glycaemic status of the stroke patients with the type and extent of the lesion documented by Computerised Tomography (CT) scan of brain for development of preventive measures and clinical management of such patients for better outcome. Hence, this study was conducted among stroke patients who were admitted in Medicine wards, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Porompat, Manipur. DATA AND METHODS A study of stroke cases was undertaken in patients who were admitted to Medicine wards, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Porompat, Manipur from January 2011 till December 2014. All the patients were investigated with CT scan brain, Blood sugar along with Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1C) besides other routine tests and recorded. RESULT Out of the 200 stroke patients registered in 48 months, 120 patients were having hyperglycaemia. All the patients with stress hyperglycaemia were haemorrhagic. 85.71% of the cases among known diabetes were also haemorrhagic. CONCLUSION Glycaemic state of patients presented in stroke gives a picture of clinical difference. The size of the lesion measured by CT scan of brain also varies among different types of hyperglycaemia and the prognosis of the patients and showed that those patients with higher glucose level had haemorrhagic lesions with bigger size and had higher mortality rate. The deteriorating glucose tolerance with age also contributes to the increased incidence of stroke with age. The newly diagnosed diabetics also had higher mortality rate and it indicates the importance of early detection of diabetes and stress hyperglycaemia and suggested the needful timely management of the glycaemic state of the patient to prevent or reduce the incidence of hyperglycaemia and related stroke.
