Mohd. Riyaz1, Imran2, Rajeev Kumar Jaiswal3, Asfar Ali4
The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence, survival, and outcome of patients presented with in-hospital hyperglycemia in which there is prior history of diabetes and without a history of diabetes. We reviewed the medical records of 2000 consecutive adult patients admitted to MNR Medical College, a teaching hospital in Telangana; from Jan 2014 to Nov 2014 and 1886 patients were studied 144 were excluded as glycemic records were not available. New hyperglycemia was defined as fasting glucose level of 126 mg/dl on admission or in-hospital or random blood glucose of more than 200 mg/dl or more on 2 or more determinations. Hyperglycemia was present in 38% of patients admitted to the hospital, of whom 26% had a known history of diabetes, and 11.96% had no history of diabetes before the admission. It was observed that there was higher in-hospital mortality rate (16.21%) in newly diagnosed hyperglycemia when compared to known diabetic patients (3.31%) and subjects with normoglycemia (1.56%; both P< 0.01). In addition, new hyperglycemic patients had a prolonged hospital stay, a higher admission rate to an intensive care unit, and were less likely to be discharged to home, frequently requiring transfer to a transitional care unit or nursing home facility. Our results indicate that in-hospital hyperglycemia is a common finding and represents an important marker of poor clinical outcome and mortality in patients with and without a history of diabetes. Patients with newly diagnosed hyperglycemia had a significantly higher mortality rate and a lower functional outcome than patients with a known history of diabetes or normoglycemia.
