Perumal Jaisankar1, Alagarsamy Srinivasan2
BACKGROUND
Diseases of heart valves constitute a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. In developing countries, Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) continues to be the predominant form of valvular heart disease. The current study was undertaken at a Tertiary Care Institute with an objective of establishing distribution and different patterns of valvular heart diseases by echocardiography.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
17,625 consecutive first time Echocardiograms performed between January 2016 and December 2016 were analysed. Echo was performed by consultant cardiologists using Philips HD11XE and Aloka SSD4000 machine following ASE guidelines. Applying exclusion criteria of trivial and functional regurgitant lesions yielded a total of 632 cases of organic valvular heart diseases.
RESULTS
In our study 632 patients were diagnosed with valvular heart disease, out of which 428 patients (67.7%) were diagnosed with Rheumatic Heart Disease. Mitral valve was the most commonly affected followed by aortic and tricuspid valves. The least commonly affected valve was pulmonary valve. In Rheumatic heart disease, most common isolated lesion reported was MS with MR, most commonly reported in females between 21 - 40 years’ age group.
CONCLUSION
In non-RHD group, mitral valve prolapse (21.3%) was the commonest lesion reported followed by calcific degenerative aortic valve (6.17%) and congenital bicuspid aortic valve (3.4%); 118 patients were reported with multivalvular lesion. MS + MR + AR was the commonest multivalvular lesion found in 65 patients (55.08%).
