Karimbanakkal Edakkattu, Abdul Jabbar, Gopalan Nair Rajan
BACKGROUND
Urothelial carcinoma is a common condition and comprises 7% of all cancers and 3% of all cancer deaths. Globally, the incidence of bladder cancer has been increasing. Smoking is associated with increase in urothelial carcinoma and is more common in male. The present study attempted to determine the usefulness of androgen receptor expression in these tumours as a prognostic marker. The aim of the study is to determine the relation between Androgen Receptor (AR) positivity and grade of urothelial carcinoma. To determine the relation between AR positivity and grade individually and also in combination with the main outcome parameters namely, recurrence and survival in urothelial carcinomas.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Details of patients were collected from case records of Urology and Pathology Departments. Patients were asked to come to Urology OPD and detailed history is taken and clinical examination done to find out current status. Paraffin blocks of the tissue were retrieved and sections stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin, and immunohistochemistry for androgen receptor and Ki-67 were done. Normal prostatic tissue is taken as control.
RESULTS
46 patients were included in the study. Most of the patients were in the age group of 60 to 69 years. Of them, 40 were males and 6 were females. Of the total patients studied, 33 cases were low-grade urothelial carcinoma and the remaining 13 were high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Out of 46 patients, 5 patients died, 9 patients showed recurrence, 3 patients showed AR positivity and 19 patients showed Ki-67 positivity more than 5%.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we could make out statistically significant relation between AR positive cases and Ki-67 positivity more than 5%. But, we could not make out any statistically significant association between grade, recurrence or survival with AR positivity of the carcinoma.
