Apurba Dutta1, Pranjal Kumar Dutta2, Mituban Gogoi3, Sanjeeb Kakati4, Lahari Saikia5, Mondita Borgohain6
BACKGROUND
The relationship between T1DM and CD has been known due to their identical genetic and autoimmune background. The prevalence of CD in T1DM in Assam has not been determined. We examined the prevalence and clinical profile of CD in patient with T1DM in Assam.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study with 96 patients with T1DM from the Outpatient or Inpatient Department of Medicine of Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh, was undertaken in the study period from July 1, 2015, to June 30, 2016. Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody (anti-TTG) measurement was done by ELISA in all patients. Duodenal biopsy were performed for T1DM patients with positive and negative serology for anti-TTG antibodies.
RESULTS
Total 96 T1DM patients (51 males and 45 females) with the age ranging from 12-50 years (mean ± SD 24.24 ± 6.89) were studied. Elevated anti-TTG levels were found in the sera of 4 (4.17%) out of 96. The male-to-female ratio of the anti-TTG positive is 1:1. Serology positive patients had typical symptoms along with statistically significant association of neuropathy, anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and hypocalcaemia. Duodenal mucosal biopsy of one IgA tTG positive patient was Marsh3a type. Out of 12 T1DM who were serology negative for CD, 1 had Marsh type 3a, 2 had type 2, 5 had type 1 and 4 had type 0 (normal).
CONCLUSION
Celiac disease in T1DM is not uncommon in this part and prevalence is 4.17%. Suspected cases needs evaluation by serological test along with histopathological examination of duodenal mucosa. Serum IgA measurement and genetic study can be considered in serology-negative patients with typical symptoms of celiac disease.
