Sanapala Sridevi, Dasari Mercy Mrudula, Bhagyalakshmi Atla, Velamala Pavani, Keshapaga Sharath Chandra
BACKGROUND Pancytopenia is one of the pathological manifestation resulting from various underlying disease processes affecting the bone marrow. Hence, bone marrow examination is the diagnostic tool to detect the underlying aetiology of pancytopenia. Pancytopenia nowadays has become a relatively common haematological entity. The underlying cause is ranging from simple drug-induced bone marrow hypoplasia, megaloblastic anaemia to fatal bone marrow aplasias and leukaemias. Thus, identification of the correct cause will help in implementing appropriate therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective study and 158 pancytopenic patients were evaluated clinically along with haematological parameters and bone marrow aspiration in Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, during the period of December 2016 to December 2017. RESULTS Among 158 cases, age of patients ranged from 3 to 88 years with a mean age of 45 years and male predominance. Most of the patients presented with fever and anaemia. The commonest physical finding was pallor followed by generalised weakness and splenomegaly. Dimorphic anaemia was the predominant blood picture. Among the 158 cases, 56 cases have undergone bone marrow aspiration in the department. The commonest bone marrow finding was erythroid hyperplasia with megaloblastic maturation (25%). CONCLUSION The present study shows the detailed primary haematological investigations along with bone marrow aspiration in pancytopenia patients, which is useful in understanding disease process. These are also helpful in planning further evaluation and management.
