Jyothi Prabhakar Rao, Rajini Jayakanthan V
BACKGROUND The incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is increasing in recent years. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus has significant maternal and perinatal mortality. Hence it is important to identify a screening test in the early pregnancy period so that preventive measures can be used to avoid maternal and fetal adverse effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (Serum GGT) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the first trimester. Previously many studies have been conducted showing positive correlation between them in the mid trimester of pregnancy. Here sufficient time is not available to take preventive measures. Our study aims to show the correlation between them in the first trimester itself, so that sufficient time is available to the doctor and the patient to take preventive measures to avoid perinatal and maternal morbidity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was done in a tertiary care hospital during a period of 6 months. One hundred random pregnant women who came for booking visit were selected and Serum GGT was done. Later they were followed up with OGGT and diagnosed with GDM as per WHO criteria. RESULTS In our study, we found pregnant women in the age group of 30-40 years had higher incidence of GDM. The incidence rate of GDM in our study was 12%, which was high. Also, women with high BMI (Class 2 and Class 3) had higher incidence of GDM. A cut off of 30 U/L of Sr GGT was taken in our study. In our study of the 12 GDM patients, 10 had high Sr GGT. (83.3%) and 2 of them had normal values. Among non GDM women 2 had high Sr GGT values. A positive correlation with high GGT and GDM was done. GGT was found to be an independent risk factor for GDM especially with high FBS values.
