Amar Kumar Behera1, Jyothis Joy George2, Sudhansu Sekhar Mohanty3, Nirod Kumar Sahoo4, Deba Prasad Rath5
BACKGROUND
Acute pancreatitis is an emergency condition presenting with abdominal pain and
is usually associated with increased pancreatic enzyme levels in blood or urine as
an outcome of inflammatory disease of pancreas showing characteristic findings
of pancreatic inflammation on contrast enhanced computerized tomography
(CECT). The severity of the disease varies widely from mild disease needing
conservative treatment to severe and complicated disease with high morbidity and
mortality. We intend to determine the current trends in the diagnosis and
management of acute pancreatitis in M.K.C.G Medical College and Hospital,
Berhampur, Odisha.
METHODS
This was a prospective observational study. All the patients of acute pancreatitis
of both the sexes and of different ages, who were admitted in the Department of
General Surgery of M.K.C.G. Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Ganjam,
Odisha from August 2018 to July 2020 (including 6 months of follow up period)
were included in this study.
RESULTS
Out of 80 patients in our study group, 68 patients (85 %) were males with mean
age of 39.06 years. Pain was the most common mode of presentation (100 %)
followed by nausea and vomiting (92.5 %), abdominal distension (43.8 %), fever
(18.8 %) and jaundice (5 %). Lipase supported the diagnosis in 78.8 % cases
while amylase in 67.5 % cases. CECT had a sensitivity of 100 %, specificity of 80
% in diagnosing acute pancreatitis while ultrasonography (USG) had a sensitivity
of 89.3 %. Majority of the patients were managed conservatively (86.25 %)
whereas only 13.75 % patients required surgical management.
CONCLUSIONS
The most common aetiological factor in acute pancreatitis is alcohol consumption
and the most accurate diagnostic investigation is serum lipase and CECT abdomen.
Most of the cases were mild to moderate and were managed conservatively.
Octreotide has a definite role in medical treatment of acute pancreatitis.
