Tulika Goswami Mahanta1, Rajnish Joshi2, Bhupendra Narayan Mahanta3, Pronab Gogoi4
BACKGROUND
As India is considered as the diabetic capital of the world, a huge burden of undiagnosed Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a possibility. Early intervention can be planned if MetS can be detected early along with risk factor assessment to avert cardiovascular morbidities. The aim of this study was to assess the dietary risk factor of metabolic syndrome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dibrugarh District of Assam with multistep sampling. Study area, i.e. four rural sub-centres and two urban electoral blocks were selected randomly. From the list of population of selected area, the consenting eligible were included. Sample size was 1700 population with MetS. Socio-demographic information, World Health Organisation’s STEPS questionnaire for behavioural risk factors along with dietary history, anthropometric assessment and laboratory investigations were conducted in three stages. Food frequency questionnaire was used for dietary assessment. Statistical analysis was done using rates, ratio, proportion, univariate and multivariate analysis.
RESULTS
MetS was 47.6% (1606 of 3372 screened). Mean age of study population was 47.1 ± 10.9 years. Behavioural risk factors like tobacco, alcohol consumption was high and significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (p= 0.000). Similarly financial stress, feeling stressed in last one year (p=0.034), lower physical activity level were also significantly associated with metS (p=0.000). Consumption of meat (p=0.000), egg (p=0.000), fast food (p=0.000), pickled vegetable (p=0.000) and sweet snacks (p=0.000) was found significantly higher amongst those with metabolic syndrome. Significant association was also seen with number of meals served per day and metS (p=0.000).
CONCLUSION
Dietary risk factors of cardiovascular diseases were rampant amongst persons with MetS. Dietary risk factor survey and counselling on healthy diet can be implemented in these population to give opportunity for early intervention.
