Anasooya Parail Sankaran1, Rakendu Rajeev2
BACKGROUND
The aim of the study is to study the effect of thyroid dysfunction in antenatal mothers in Alappuzha one of the coastal areas in South Kerala over a period from January 2012 to January 2015.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
It is a descriptive study of the effect of thyroid dysfunction among pregnant ladies attending OBG Department in Government Medical College, Alappuzha, a rural medical college at coastal areas of Kerala over a period of 3 years.
RESULTS
The incidence is found to be maximum in the coastal area, i.e. 84.9%, but p-valve 0.625 is not statistically significant. Thyroid disorder is mostly seen in primigravida (57.8%) and between the age of 20 and 25 yrs. (43.2%) and the most commonly seen disorder among is subclinical hypothyroidism (73.7%) (p valve <.005, which is statistically significant). There is significant increase in maternal complications like preeclampsia, (RR-8.54, p-value 0.014) recurrent abortion (RR-91.13, p-value 0.000), prolonged period of infertility (RR-55.16, p-value 0.000), anaemia (RR-11.37, p-value 0.003) is seen in subclinical hypothyroidism. The foetal complications seen are oligamnios (7.8%), MSAF (9.2%), foetal distress (12.1%), PROM (5.1%) and FGR (10.9%). The neonates were admitted in NICU in view of NEC (1.5%), NNJ (24.1%), MAS (6.9%), TTNB (9.5%) and HIE (2.9%).
CONCLUSION
The present study is intended to study the maternal and foetal effects of thyroid dysfunction. After the study, we concluded that there are many adverse maternal, foetal and neonatal effects in pregnancies complicated with thyroid dysfunction. In coastal area, the disease has got a high prevalence and hence there is a need for proper screening and early diagnosis. Proper treatment options are given to the patient.
