Nidhi Girishkumar Sathwara1, Khushbu Rajendrakumar Modi2, Kunal Girishkumar Sathwara3, Chintan Chandrakantbhai Dalwadi4, Manan Chandrakantbhai Dalwadi5
BACKGROUND
Emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens in hospitals and associated
risk factors are a strenuous task for clinicians to treat surgical site infections (SSIs).
Isolation of multidrug-resistant organisms is an existing problem with a rising trend
in Indian hospitals. We wanted to study the microbial profile, their susceptibility
pattern, risk factors of SSIs, and revise the antibiotic prophylaxis policy to reduce
injudicious use of antimicrobial agents.
METHODS
The present prospective observational study included 1073 post-operative patients
of different surgeries held at a Tertiary Care Hospital in western India from July
2017 to August 2018. Samples were collected using a sterile cotton swab stick and
processed as per standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and
susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique.
After incubation plates were examined under the reflected light they were
interpreted according to clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI)
guidelines.
RESULTS
Among 1073 samples, bacteriologically proven surgical site infection was identified
in 63 (5.87 %) patients. In the present study, the predominant organism isolated
was E. coli (28.57 %), followed by Klebsiella spp. (23.81 %), Staphylococcus
aureus (19.05 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.46 %), Acinetobacter spp. (9.52
%), and Proteus mirabilis (1.59 %). Pan-antibiotic resistance was noted among 14
(27.45 %) gram-negative rods and 7 (58.33 %) methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, resistance to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics and penicillin group
has increased. So, rather than moving on to the higher generation antibiotics,
aminoglycosides (amikacin/gentamycin) and fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin) are
the better-preferred drugs.
