Anita A. M1, Dimple Mehrotra2, Pratima S3, Sainath K. Andola4, Megha Kamalapurkar5
Pulmonary sequestration is a rare anomaly which consists of the presence of pulmonary tissue that is not attached to the rest of the lung and does not communicate with the trachea.[1] It could be intrapulmonary or extrapulmonary. We report a case of extrapulmonary sequestration with brief review of literature. A 22 years old primigravida underwent an ultrasonography at 24 weeks of gestation which revealed a single live fetus with bilateral pleural effusion, fetal hydrops and the fetal thorax showed mediastinal shift to the right. A hyperechoic mass was present in the left thoracic cavity with a systemic blood supply to it. Termination of pregnancy was advised as the findings were incompatible with life and the fetus autopsied. Significant gross findings were a hypoplastic left lung, a grey-white spongy mass adjacent to the left lung but not attached to it and present outside the pleural cavity which derived its blood supply via a branch from the thoracic aorta and caused a shift in the mediastinal structures to the right. Both kidneys showed multiple cystic spaces. Microscopically the mass showed multiple cystically dilated alveolar spaces and ducts lined by cuboidal to tall columnar epithelium, the left lung showed features of pulmonary hypoplasia and the microscopic findings in both the kidneys were suggestive of multicystic renal dysplasia. Hence, it was reported as a case of left sided extrapulmonary sequestration with hypoplastic left lung and bilateral renal cystic dysplasia.
