Sarvesh B. M, Abhishek M. G
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer in men and in women worldwide. Incidence rates of colorectal cancer vary 10-fold in both sexes worldwide, Within Asia, the incidence rates vary widely and are uniformly low in all south Asian countries and high in all developed Asian countries. Fortunately, the age adjusted incidence rates of colorectal cancer in all the Indian cancer registries are very close to the lowest rates in the world. The present study is under taken to study the prevalence and types of colorectal cancer among the patients in the rural population in and around Chidambaram. OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of malignant colorectal neoplasms among the specimens received in the Department of Pathology and the gross and histomorphological pattern of the lesions and finally to correlate the findings with clinical data. METHOD: The materials consisted of 68 specimens who were submitted to the Department of Pathology, during the period of Jan 2008-Dec 2012. Data collected and entered in MS-Excel and were analyzed using SPSS-16. RESULTS: Out of 8454 colonoscopic specimens, 68(0.8%) showed colorectal malignancy. A higher frequency of colorectal was seen in 6th decade. Out of 68 specimens of malignant neoplasms majority were Carcinoma of the Rectum (79.41%) followed in decreasing order of frequency by malignant lesions of descending colon(8.82%), ascending and Sigmoid colon (4.41% each), recto-sigmoid (2.94%) and cecum (2.63%), and transverse colon (2.63%). Youngest patient was 19 years old and the oldest patient was 80 years old with a mean age of 49.5 years and median age of 50 years. CONCLUSION: Colorectal cancer is a common and lethal disease. The adenoma carcinoma. Sequence offers a window of opportunity in which the precursor lesion or early carcinoma can be removed endoscopically to prevent systematic disease. The result of a careful and systematic examination of surgical specimens from patients with tumors of the colon plays an important role in patient care and the assessment of prognosis.
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