Vijay Venkataiah1, Divya D.2, Sandhya H. Puttaswamy3, Kashinath R.T.4
BACKGROUND
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the commonest causes for end stage renal
disease. Renal accumulation of lipids is one of the pathological finding seen in
diabetic nephropathy. Diallyl disulphide (DADS), a principle component of garlic
oil, is known for its hypolipidemic properties. Diaceto-dipropyl disulphide
(DADPDS) is a structural analogue of DADS, and is more palatable and less toxic
to diabetic rats. Hence this animal experiment study was undertaken to compare
the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of DADS and DADPDS on diabetic rat
renal tissue and to evaluate the better disulphide among the two that may be used
as adjuvant drug in treating or preventing diabetic nephropathy.
METHODS
This was an animal experimental comparative study. 24 male albino rats were
grouped (6 rats in each group) into normal, diabetic control, DADS and DADPDS
treated diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in albino rats by intraperitoneal
injection of alloxan. DADS and DADPDS were fed by gastric intubation for 90 days.
After stipulated time, kidneys were dissected out and its total lipids, cholesterol
and phospholipid levels were estimated along with tissue thiobarbituric acid
reactive substances (TBARS) levels.
RESULTS
Renal tissue total lipids, cholesterol and phospholipids were significantly decreased
in DADS and moderately decreased in DADPDS treated diabetic kidneys, when
compared to diabetic control rats. But TBARS levels were significantly decreased
in DADPDS rat kidneys compared to DADS treated rat kidneys.
CONCLUSIONS
In this comparative study, we note that DADS has better lipid-lowering effect on
renal tissue of alloxan diabetic rats compared to DADPDS. On the other hand,
DADPDS has low renal toxic effects, as indicated by low TBARS levels and
improvement in blood glucose levels, when compared to DADS treated diabetic
rats. Hence, DADS can be used as an adjuvant drug, only in atherogenic diabetic
patients without nephropathy and DADPDS can be used as an adjuvant drug in
diabetic nephropathy patients.
