Shivanna Poorna Prasad
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that often co-exist and would lead to a marked increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus including obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy and hypertension. Early identification and effective prevention of metabolic syndrome will alter the life course of various chronic conditions reducing morbidity and hence mortality. This study was undertaken in a tertiary care hospital to detect incidence of nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy in newly detected type 2 Diabetes mellitus cases with metabolic syndrome. METHODS A case control study was undertaken in the OPD of Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology in a Tertiary Hospital among 50 cases of newly detected type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with metabolic syndrome and 50 cases of newly detected Diabetes Mellitus without metabolic syndrome. Clearance from the institutional ethics committee was obtained before the study was started. An informed consent was obtained from all the patients before they were included into the study. Final study sample included 50 cases of newly diagnosed case of Type 2 DM with metabolic syndrome and 50 newly diagnosed case of Type 2 DM without metabolic syndrome. RESULTS This difference in retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy was statistically significant among newly diagnosed cases of Type 2 DM with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS The age group of 51-60 years was commonly affected and males were involved more than the females. Diabetes with metabolic syndrome was known to result in many complications. This study is not without limitations. The sampling method was not followed in this study. Further research can bring out more facts about the metabolic syndrome with complications and its effective prevention.
