Sreejith Valappil1 , Gopalan Nair Rajesh2 , Haridasan Vellani3
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic Cardio-Myopathy (HCM) is the commonest genetic cardiovascular disease. Patients with HCM are at higher risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) than the general population. There are some risk factors which identify patients with higher risk for SCD among HCM patients. There are very few studies from India regarding the prevalence of SCD risk factors among HCM patients. Studies have identified risk factors for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We aimed to study the prevalence of established risk factors for SCD among Indian patients with HCM. METHODS A prospective registry for patients between 12 years and 85 years of age with HCM was started in Calicut Government Medical College, South India, from Jan 2016. Individual patients were assessed in detail with history, clinical examination, ECG, echocardiography, 24 hour Holter and treadmill test. RESULTS 117 unrelated patients with HCM were studied. Mean age of the patients was 58 ± 11.5 years. 45.3% had no SCD risk factors as per AHA / ACC 2011 criteria for HCM. Rest of the patients had SCD risk factors as follows - family history of SCD in 6 %, NSVT in Holter in 18.8 %, unexplained syncope in previous six months in 18.8 %, abnormal BP response to treadmill exercise (9.8 %), maximum LV thickness ≥30 mm in 9.4 % and LVOT gradient ≥ 30 in 28 (24 %). Prevalence of apical HCM was 26.5 %. CONCLUSIONS There is high prevalence of apical HCM in India. Prevalence of conventional risk factors is low in Apical HCM. Prevalence of familial HCM and family history of SCD is low. Prevalence of other risk factors is comparable to studies from elsewhere.
