Sivaraman M
BACKGROUND
The epidemiological study of diabetic maculopathy in Indian population for the period of three years duration and study the treatment outcome following laser photocoagulation for various type of diabetic maculopathy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted from July 2000 to November 2002 in 96 eyes of 50 patients. Diabetic patients either referred or detected at GOH are taken into study. History regarding onset, duration, family history, drug schedule and dietary habits. Associated systemic factors HT, IHD, renal diseases are recorded. Patients are tested for BCVA using Snellen’s chart, IOP using Goldmann applanation tonometer, slit lamp examination, fundus examination using direct and indirect ophthalmoscope and 90D biomicroscopy. Fundus photography taken using fundus camera. FFA done in all cases.
RESULTS
32 patients were above 50 years of age and 18 patients are below 50 years of age. The ratio of male-to-female is 2.85:1 and 92% of patients have bilateral involvement. 28% of patients with maculopathy had diabetes mellitus of 6-10 years duration and 24% of patients had 11-15 years duration. 18.7% cases had clinically significant macular oedema. In FFA study showed 44.8% had focal lesions, 34.4% had diffuse lesions and 28.8% had ischaemic lesions. 76.9% of focal lesions improved with focal photocoagulation and 50% of diffuse lesions improved with grid photocoagulation.
CONCLUSION
Diabetic maculopathy is the commonest cause of visual loss in patient with diabetic retinopathy. Periodic follow up and examination are necessary to detect the involvement of macula at an earlier stage. Early treatment with photocoagulation can stabilise the visual acuity and prevent visual loss.
