Mahammad Asfak Ahmed1, Bhupati Bhusan Das2, Sushanta kumar Das3, Niranjan Sahoo4, Laxmidhar Padhy5, Susil Kumar Rath6
Gallstone disease is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal diseases; with a substantial burden to health care system. Biliary diseases are a common place occurrence in the present day surgical practice. In recent years, effort has been made to knowing the pathophysiological basis of gallstone formation. The role of serum lipids in the aetiology of cholelithiasis is very important and in cholesterol gallstones serum lipids are altered, hence the aim of this study is to determine and analyze the changes in the lipid profile parameters which are responsible for the causation of biliary calculi, with risk factor correlation. This study was conducted in MKCG Medical College & Hospital Brahmapur, Odisha from December 2012 to November 2014.Out of 12073 surgical admissions December 2012 to November 2014 in our hospital, The 50 cases of gallstone disease of different age group were selected randomly. Fifty patients of different disease other than gallstone disease of different age group were taken as controls from the indoor of the Department of General Surgery were included in this study. The patients were in the age group of 20 to 70 years, of both sexes, who presented with acute abdomen, with a high degree of suspicion of biliary calculi. A detailed history was taken from the patients to analyse the risk factors. The gallstones received after cholecystectomy examined grossly and categorized according to their morphology; the serum of the patients was collected for analysis of fasting lipid profile. The statistical operations were done through Graph pad Instat (© 2013 Graph pad Software, Inc.) and SPSS (Statistical Presentation System Software) for Windows, version 20.00 (SPSS, 2011. SPSS Inc: New York) to find out the descriptive parameters. The highest age group of the presentation of cholelithiasis was 41 to 50 years, the incidence in females being more common than males. All the patients presented with pain in abdomen and majority of them had tenderness in the right hypochondria. Chronic cholecystitis was the most common mode of presentation and ultra-sonogram is the most common imaging modality of choice. Mixed stones were predominant.
