S. Madhana, Sujatha M. S
BACKGROUND GDM is defined as impaired glucose tolerance of variable severity with first onset during pregnancy. GDM has a prevalence rate of 3.8% to 21% in India, depending on the geographical location. GDM has potential adverse effects on the mother, fetus and the newborns. Early prediction of GDM will be very much helpful in the management of GDM. Decreased levels of adiponectin are found to be associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in the present pregnancy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of Adiponectin as early predictor of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus between 11 to 14 weeks of gestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hospital based Observational study. The necessary information was collected from the participants through the prepared set of questionnaires. Pregnant women between 11 to 14 wks. of gestation who visited JSS outpatient department for antenatal check-up satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria giving informed and written consent for the study were examined clinically. 3 ml of venous blood was drawn with aseptic precautions for the estimation of Adiponectin. OGTT with 75 gms glucose first done at 14 wks. and again at 24-28 wks. and 32-36 wks. were done to the same patient to find out whether the patient developed Gestational Diabetes mellitus or not. These mothers were followed periodically till delivery. The sensitivity and specificity of Adiponectin were assessed and compared in patients who developed Gestational Diabetes mellitus. RESULTS 100 cases were selected for the study. About 12 patients were diagnosed as gestational diabetes mellitus in our study by OGCT at 32 wks. to 36 wks. In our study, 18 patients had low levels of adiponectin. Low level of Adiponectin is found to be statistically significant in predicting GDM in first trimester. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratios, negative likelihood ratios and the overall accuracy for adiponectin were 83.33%, 90.91%, 55, 56%, 97, 56%, 9.17, 0.18 and 90% respectively. CONCLUSION Adiponectin can be used as predictor of GDM in first trimester.
