Srikanth Bodepudi1, Salla Surya Prakasa Rao2, Gedda Jyothsna Pavani3
BACKGROUND
The endothelium is an early target of cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and Diabetes mellitus (DM). In hypertension, endothelial dysfunction has been shown at the level of both resistance and conduit arteries. The fact that Forearm's Brachial artery endothelial dysfunction is a marker of future cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension stresses the importance of the clinical evaluation of endothelial function.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a prospective study of hypertensive patients admitted in King George Hospital of Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India during May 2015 to August 2016 and diagnosed as per the criteria laid down by JNC 7 Classification. Patients of Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperthyroidism, Heart Failure, Coronary Artery Disease, Smokers and Peripheral Vascular Disease which are known to affect endothelial dysfunction were excluded from the study.
RESULTS
The study group comprised of 50 subjects and the control group had 30 subjects. There are 18 males (59.4%) and 12 females (39.6%) among Controls and 31 males (62%) and 19 females (38%) in the Cases group. In this study, the mean age among the controls is (55.6±13.63) and among the cases is (56.4±15.24). Mean FMD (Flow-mediated dilation) among Cases is 8.15 and mean FMD among controls is 19.3. Mean Hyperemic Flow among Cases is 70.1 and among Controls is 121. 26% of the males have Endothelial Dysfunction and 9% of the females among cases have Endothelial Dysfunction.
CONCLUSION
FMD% is a diagnostic aid for evaluation of endothelial function. It is an experimental tool to measure endothelial dysfunction which is a fundamental basis for atherogenesis and CAD. It is a user friendly, non- invasive, cheap, reliable, reproducible technique for risk stratification of CAD.
