Garuda Rama1
OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence, age & sex ratio, analyse the spectrum of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in its aetiopathology, complications including mortality, prognostic factors and the role of dialysis in the management.
METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted on serial cases of 30 patients admitted in Paediatrics department from Feb 2012-Aug 2014 (30 months).
RESULTS: The incidence of AKI was 0.44%. Children in age group of 0-4 yrs were affected most, predominantly males. Distribution of AKI according to aetiopathogenesis was Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) 50%, Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) 19.8%, Glomerulonephritis (GN) 13.2%, Obstructive uropathy 9.9% and Acute on Chronic renal failure (CRF) 6.6%. Dialysis was required in 53.3% of patients. Mortality was 57%. Patients with complications of sepsis, neurological & respiratory problems, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis and gastrointestinal bleeding were associated with high mortality
CONCLUSIONS: AKI is a common life threatening condition seen in childhood. Early referral, proper assessment, adequate & timely treatment and prompt institution of dialysis helps in decreasing mortality.
