Anunayi Jeshtadi1, Afzal Moid Mohammad2, Madhukar Reddy Kadaru3, Ezhil Arasi Nagamuthu4, Harika Kalangi5, Archana Boddu6, Sandeep Kumar Lakkarasu7, Ajeta Boila8
BACKGROUND
Gastric disorders are one of the most commonly encountered problems in clinical practice. A variety of disorders can affect the stomach and gastrointestinal tract. The definitive diagnosis of gastric disorders rests on the histopathological confirmation and is one of the basis for planning proper treatment.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the spectrum of histopathological lesions of gastric region. To establish endoscopic biopsies as an effective tool in the proper diagnosis and management of various gastric lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted on the gastric endoscopic biopsies and the histopathological assessment was done at the Department of Pathology, Osmania Medical College and Teaching Hospital from November 2014 to October 2015.
RESULTS
Of the total 87 cases of gastric biopsies, majority of cases were of male gender with a male-female ratio of 2.4:1. Our study showed a poor correlation between endoscopic and histopathological evidence of inflammation in the stomach. Four cases were diagnosed as intestinal metaplasia which were diagnosed as ulcer and erosion endoscopically. Out of 23 number of cases diagnosed endoscopically as ulcer, only one case was confirmed histopathologically.
Our study showed good correlation in the cases of carcinoma. All 38 cases diagnosed endoscopically as gastric carcinoma correlated histopathologically as gastric adenocarcinoma. Majority of carcinoma cases showed ulcerating fungating growth followed by ulceroproliferative growth.
CONCLUSION
In our study, the commonest site for endoscopic biopsy was from the stomach in which fundus region and antral region account the most. Most common neoplasm of the stomach was adenocarcinoma. Endoscopy is incomplete without biopsy and histopathology is the gold standard for the diagnosis of endoscopically detected lesions. We, therefore, conclude that endoscopy is incomplete without biopsy and so the combination of methods provides a powerful diagnostic tool for better patient management.
