Gurumayum Laxmikanta Sharma, Laishram Deepak Kumar, Bijoya Debanth, Ningthibi Jessica Akoijam, Prasenjit Das, Laishram Rajesh Singh
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal polyps are frequently encountered during routine endoscopy and colonoscopy. These are considered as luminal projections above the plane of the adjacent mucosa. These can be non-neoplastic, neoplastic or hamartomatous and syndromic. The classification of polyps has important clinical implications and provides targeted clues towards discovering abnormalities in the remaining mucosa or even elsewhere in the body in syndromic cases. Histopathological typing was done with an aim to assess their benign or malignant potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the endoscopic polypectomy specimens received during the period February 2013 to January 2018 were taken up for the study. The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, in collaboration with the Department of Surgery, RIMS, Imphal. Specimens were kept in 10% formalin overnight and grossing was done on the next day. The tissues were then processed, paraffin blocks made, and sections were stained with conventional H & E stain. Slides were examined in detail and histological findings noted and typing done. RESULTS Of the 110 cases, maximum number were of the age group 41-60 years. All paediatric polyps were benign. Most common site for polyp was the colon in adults and the rectum in children. Colonic polyps were more incident in patients ≥50 years of age. Hyperplastic polyp was the most common benign polyp which frequented most in the colon. Adenomatous polyp consisted of a vast majority of premalignant polyps, mostly occurring in the colon. Most adenomatous polyps were of tubular architecture and the majority displayed low grade dysplasia. CONCLUSION GI polyps were most commonly found in the colon, its incidence in the colon increasing with age. All adenomatous polyps have certain risk for development of malignancy and were also the most common type of premalignant polyps found. Colonoscopic screening for early detection and histopathological typing for risk stratification are of utmost importance for cancer prevention.
