Uttam Haribhau Nisale1, Varsha Ramesh Dhakne2, Sourabh Hanumant Karad3, Samarth Babasaheb Waghambare4, Hanumant Tulshiram Karad5, Madhuri Tejas Karad6, Rajlaxmi Suhas Pujar7, Harshal Sushil Ambade8
BACKGROUND
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a commonly used non invasive imaging
instrument useful for the diagnosis and follow up of macular disorders, but it has
its own share of drawbacks in the presence of media opacities like corneal oedema,
dense cataract and vitreous haemorrhage. We wanted to study and interpret the
various patterns of common macular diseases on optical coherence tomography.
METHODS
100 patients having macular diseases with no other ocular pathology were selected
by simple random sampling. The patients were studied and followed up from day
1 of OPD during the period from January 2019 to December 2019 in rural hospital
at Latur. All patients suspected of any macular disorder by slit lamp bio-microscopy
with 78D or 90D examination were subjected to OCT evaluation.
RESULTS
On observation, out of 100 cases of macular pathology, 44 % (44 patients) with
age related macular degeneration(ARMD), diabetic macular oedema ( DME) 36 %
(36 patients), central serous retinopathy (CSR) 10 % (10 patients), myopic
maculopathy (MM) 7 % (7 patients), macular hole (MH) 3 % (3 patients) were
found in our study. In ARMD patients our OCT findings were hard drusens in retinal
pigment epithelium (RPE), detachment of neurosensory retina and retinal pigment
epithelium whereas in patients of DME our OCT findings were cyst like
hyporeflective spaces within the retina, with retinal thinning and loss of foveal
depression. In patients of CSR our findings were separation of sensory retina from
RP, in myopic maculopathy our OCT findings were presence of macular
retinoschisis and in patients of MH our findings were showing attachment of the
posterior hyaloids to the fovea, separation of a small portion of the sensory retina
from RPE in the foveolar region and intraretinal cystic changes.
CONCLUSIONS
OCT plays a crucial role when added along with the clinical examination in the
diagnosis and interpretation of common macular disorders.
