Mrinal Debbarma, Arunabha Dasgupta, Chinmoy Biswas
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major concern globally and recent studies explored the role of vitamin D deficiency as one of the predisposing factors and documented its deleterious effect both in mortality and morbidity associated with the incident. Apart from its usual role of maintaining calcium homeostasis in humans new found role of vitamin D as a risk factor in cardiovascular incidents have gathered interest and it was proven by various studies available in literature that Vitamin D deficiency adversely affects post MI cardiac remodelling. So, hypovitaminosis D is also a major concern and needs therapeutic interventions. The present study was done with an aim to reveal any association existing between AMI cases & Vitamin D deficiency. Aims and objectives- To study Vitamin D (25(OH)D) level in AMI cases and to study any significant statistical association existing between AMI cases & Vitamin D level. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is a case control study conducted at Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura, at Department of Medicine, where 130 patients of AMI are included and they underwent necessary biochemical investigations including 25(OH) D. These values were compared with the values of 25(OH) D done on 130 healthy controls matched with same age and gender. The Statistical Package for Social Science version 16 IBM Corporation was used for analysis. P value of P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The mean value of 25(OH) D among the cases was 20.39±6.96 and among the healthy controls was 24.08±7.68. Experts opine that the normal value of Vitamin D in humans is ≥30 ng/ml. With P Value <0.05, a significant association of Vitamin D level and occurrence of AMI was documented. The adjusted Odds Ratio was 3.034 and its 95% Confidence Interval was 1.119-8.225. It proves that subjects with deficient Vitamin D levels are having 3 times more chances of developing AMI than individuals with normal Vitamin D and this value is statistically significant. Low level of Vitamin D was found among those subjects who simultaneously were hypertensive, diabetic and hyperlipidaemic. Thus, it was inferred that low level of 25(OH) D is also an important risk factor of AMI and it adversely affects both mortality and morbidity of the disease.
