Biswaranjan Mohapatra1, Dipesh Kumar Padhihari2, Mrutynjay Das3, Sai Barath Sunkara 4 Saikh Kasif Sahajada5
BACKGROUND
Surgical site infection still remains a nightmare for most surgeons even in these
times despite many advances in medical science, surgical techniques & better
operating room environment. Surgical site infection (SSI) is defined as ‘an infection
occurring within 30 days of a surgery (or within 1 year if an implant is left in place
after procedure) and affecting either incision or deep tissues at the operation site.
METHODS
A single observer, cross sectional, prospective study was carried out in the Dept.
of General Surgery, in collaboration with Microbiology & Pathology Departments
of Hi-tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The study included
all patients who underwent laparotomy during the period of study, patients of all
age groups except neonates and patients with post-operative surgical site
infections.
RESULTS
The prospective study involved culture and sensitivity of 114 patients undergoing
clean-contaminated surgeries (group A), contaminated-surgeries (group B) in the
Department of Surgery at our institute. The study shows that the maximum
number of cases were between 21 to 60 yrs. of age. (78 %) and the mean age in
the group A was 39.2 years while in group B, it was 39.8 years. There was a total
of 90 patients between 21 - 60 yrs. of age. Mean hospital stay in group A was 5.7
days and group B was 8.9 days. The sex ratio is quite evenly matched, 63 male
patients and 51 female patients out of 114 cases. Amongst the 114 subjects, group
A comprised of 58.77 % (67) while group B consisted of 41.22 % (47.13) patients.
Out of 67, 13 from group A came back as sterile, in group B sterile samples were
10.
CONCLUSIONS
This study concludes that age, sex, class of wound, peri-operative management,
operating time and co-morbidities of the patient, all have a significant effect on
the incidence of surgical site infections.
