Daruka K. M1 , Praveen Kumar H2 , Siddeswara Swamy P3
BACKGROUND: Thyroid abnormalities are common in Type 2 diabetes mellitus, severity of thyroid abnormalities accelerate coronary heart disease by several fold in patients with thyroid dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this prospective study is to determine the correlation between low T3 syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: In this descriptive, prospective cross sectional study, all patients who presented to the Department of Medicine with Type 2 diabetes mellitus >5 years during this study period were included. Included clinical evidence of sepsis or cachexia or Concomitant presence of any predominant severe systemic disease including severe anaemia Hb% <5g%. Other major surgical procedures performed before or within 6 months after the time of thyroid sampling. RESULTS: Mean age of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was [60.50±6.15(SD) years], Fatigue and generalized weakness, dyspnoea on exertion, swelling of feet, cold intolerance, hair loss, hoarse voice and decrease libido were common symptoms of low T3 patients, Alcoholism was seen in (80%), Cardiomyopathy was see in most patients (42%) and was common in the age group of 55-60 years (38%) in present study, Mean pulse rate was [104±6.9 (SD) beats/min]. Systolic blood pressure was [131±20.8 (SD) mm of Hg], diastolic blood pressure was [84.6±12.4 (SD) mm of Hg]. Mean blood urea level was [74.2±18.9 (SD) mg/dl], mean serum creatinine levels was [2.3±0.5 (SD) mg/dl], the estimated creatinine clearance was [25.8±8.5 (SD) ml/min]. Mean serum LDL was [104.4±3.7 (SD) mg/dl], Mean PR interval is was [0.21±0.023 (SD) sec, Systolic dysfunction on 2D Echo was (20%), Diastolic dysfunction on 2D Echo was (30%), Pericardial effusion was seen in 10%. Global hypokinesia was seen in 30%. Segmental hypokinesia was seen in 3%. Mean ejection fraction was [36.78±5.08 (SD) %]. The high pulmonary artery systolic pressure was seen 70% of patients. CONCLUSION: There is significant percentage of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients having low T3 alone as biochemical parameter. It is important to recognize this condition in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus as it is associated with increased severity of heart failure, increased in evidence of renal failure which may need additional support of thyroid hormone administration to have a better outcome in patients with chronic heart failure.
